Cellular origins of ultraviolet radiation-induced corneal tumours in the grey, short-tailed South American opossum (Monodelphis domestica)

Corneal tumours were induced in almost 100% of grey, short-tailed South Ame rican opossums (Monodelphis domestica) exposed three times weekly to ultrav iolet radiation (UVR) for periods of a year or more. Five tumours, represen ting the morphological spectrum of UVR-induced corneal tumours (two fibrosa rcomas, one malignant fibrous histiocytoma, one putative haemangiosarcoma, and one squamous cell carcinoma overlying a sarcoma), were assayed immunohi stochemically for reactivity with antibodies against the intermediate filam ents vimentin, smooth muscle actin (alpha isoform), muscle-specific actins (alpha and gamma isoforms), desmin and cytokeratin, and with antibodies aga inst the vascular endothelial marker von Willebrand factor. The squamous ce ll carcinoma was cytokeratin-positive. Other tumours were cytokeratin-negat ive and vimentin-positive. Three tumours had scattered individual cells and groups of cells immunoreactive with antibodies against smooth muscle actin and muscle-specific actins; two tumours (a fibrosarcoma and the malignant fibrous histiocytoma) had small numbers of desmin-positive cells. The putat ive haemangiosarcoma contained two populations of neoplastic cells, von Wil lebrand factor-positive vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle actin- positive spindle cells. It was concluded (1) that UVR-induced corneal tumou rs may be composed of cells derived from resident epithelial cells, immigra nt vascular endothelial cells, or fibroblast-like cells of unknown origin, and (2) that such tumours may contain more than one neoplastic cell type. ( C) 2000 Harcourt Publishers Ltd.