Napropamide [2-(alpha-naphthoxy)-N,N-diethyl propionamide] has been shown t
o form soluble complexes with dissolved organic matter (DOM). Batch equilib
rium and soil column leaching studies were performed to evaluate the effect
of a drying event following herbicide application on napropamide-DOM compl
ex formation. Napropamide was applied directly to the soil and allowed to d
ry and compared with studies where the herbicide was not allowed to dry. In
batch studies the presence of napropamide-DOM complexes was inferred from
reduced sorption coefficients measured on extracts of treated soils as comp
ared with those from aqueous solutions. In column studies, drying was shown
to induce herbicide movement with the wetting front even when preferential
flow pathways were eliminated. The formation of napropamide-DOM complexes
was verified by dialysis tubing techniques. Increased napropamide movement
through soil was the result of stable napropamide-DOM complexes that lacked
an adsorption affinity. Although less than 6% of the total herbicide appli
ed moved by facilitated transport, this amount of rapidly mobile pesticide
could significantly increase the potential for ground water contamination.
Results suggest that preventing the applied herbicide solution from drying
before irrigation could reduce or eliminate the threat of facilitated trans
port of napropamide by DOM. We suggest that a short irrigation period after
herbicide application could allow for herbicide movement beyond the soil s
urface to deter drying while preventing deep movement of pesticide with the
water front.