System-theoretical (Holistic) approach to the modelling of structural-functional relationships of biomolecules and their evolution: an example of triterpene glycosides from sea cucumbers (Echinodermata, Holothurioidea)

Triterpene glycosides from sea cucumbers (Holothurioidea, Echinodermata) ar e used as a model for studying the biochemical evolution for correlation be tween the glycoside membranolytic activity and biological functions. Concep ts of evolutionary morphology are applied at the molecular level. The conce pt of Van-der-Klaauve's-Dullemeijer's system-theoretical (holistic) approac h is used for the model of structural-functional relationships of the glyco sides. Network diagrams of structural-functional relationships have been pr epared for many glycosides. The diagrams correlate well with experimental d ata and show a very complex and flexible action of the natural selection on the structural fragments of the glycosides. The diagrams also show overlap ping in the functional components that provide stability to the general str uctural plan of glycosides during evolution. The method may be applied to o ther bio molecules. (C) 2000 Academic Press.