Leishmaniasis with cutaneous and visceral involvement in a 13-month-old boy

Leishmaniasis is an anthropozoonosis caused by infection with leishmania pa rasites with either cutaneous, mucosal or visceral (kalazar) involvement. W hile the benign cutaneous form is self-limited death occurs in approximatel y 80% of children with kala-azar when untreated. The diagnosis of kala-azar should not be missed in children presenting with fever, hepatosplenomegaly and pancytopenia especially with a history of sand fly bites. We report th e case of a 13-month-old boy with both cutaneous and visceral involvement.