Interpretation of "true atomic resolution" images of graphite (0001) in noncontact atomic force microscopy

To examine the contrast formation by noncontact atomic force microscopy (NC -AFM), we simulate images of graphite (0001) and compare them with experime ntal results. Important features of the experimental data like the appearan ce of a trigonal structure with a distance of 2.46 Angstrom between the max ima and the experimental corrugation amplitudes are well reproduced. The de tailed analysis shows that the NC-AFM images reveal the positions of the ca rbon atoms as minima and the hollow sites as maxima, in contrast to a simpl e interpretation of NC-AFM data.