Autoinhibition of a calmodulin-dependent calcium pump involves a structurein the stalk that connects the transmembrane domain to the ATPase catalytic domain
Ac. Curran et al., Autoinhibition of a calmodulin-dependent calcium pump involves a structurein the stalk that connects the transmembrane domain to the ATPase catalytic domain, J BIOL CHEM, 275(39), 2000, pp. 30301-30308
The regulation of Ca2+-pumps is important for controlling [Ca2+] in the cyt
osol and organelles of all eukaryotes. Here, we report a genetic strategy t
o identify residues that function in autoinhibition of a novel calmodulin-a
ctivated Ca2+-pump with an N-terminal regulatory domain (isoform ACA2 from
Arabidopsis). Mutant pumps with constitutive activity were identified by co
mplementation of a yeast (K616) deficient in two Ca2+-pumps. Fifteen mutati
ons were found that disrupted a segment of the N-terminal autoinhibitor loc
ated between Lys(23) and Arg(54). Three mutations (E167K, D219N, and E341R)
were found associated with the stalk that connects the ATPase catalytic do
main (head) and with the transmembrane domain. Enzyme assays indicated that
the stalk mutations resulted in calmodulin-independent activity, with V-ma
x K-mATP, and K(mCa)2+ similar to that of a pump in which the N-terminal au
toinhibitor had been deleted. A highly conservative substitution at Asp(219
) (D219E) still produced a deregulated pump, indicating that the autoinhibi
tory structure in the stalk is highly sensitive to perturbation. In plasma
membrane H+-ATPases from yeast and plants, similarly positioned mutations r
esulted in hyperactive pumps. Together, these results suggest that a struct
ural feature of the stalk is of general importance in regulating diverse P-
type ATPases.