Ep. Anisimova et al., ORIGIN OF FREE-CONVECTION IN WATER-COOLED FROM THE SURFACE, Izvestia Akademii nauk. Rossijskaa akademia nauk. Fizika atmosfery iokeana, 30(1), 1994, pp. 68-73
In a thin surface layer of cooled from surface pure water Marangoni mi
crothermal convection was observed just after beginning of cooling. It
is shown that Marangoni convection precedes the development of Raylei
gh instability in the case under consideration.