Creatinine biosensors: principles and designs

Creatinine biosensors, based on both potentiometric and amperometric device s, have been created. However, there are significant problems still to be a ddressed, including the balance between sensitivity and selectivity, interf erence rejection and sensor stability. In addition, many devices still rely on a dual-sensor approach for creatine and creatinine subtractive measurem ents. However, creatinine biosensors appear close to attaining the performa nce goals necessary for their widespread application. This article looks at the operating principle and design of both potentiometric and amperometric creatinine biosensors, and shows how the design of these devices affects t heir performance.