Since the 1915 launch of the first international eradication initiative tar
geting a human pathogen, much has been learned about the determinants of er
adicability of an organism. The authors outline the first 4 eradication eff
orts, summarizing the lessons learned in terms of the 3 types of criteria f
or disease eradication programs: (1) biological and technical feasibility,
(2) costs and benefits, and (3) societal and political considerations.