Development, survivorship, and reproduction of Adoxophyes orana (Lepidoptera : Tortricidae) at constant temperatures

Laboratory studies were conducted to assess the effect of temperature on th e development, survival, fecundity, and longevity of Adoxophyes orana (Fisc her von Roslerstamm) at 5 different constant temperatures (14, 17, 21, 25, and 30 degrees C). Total developmental time ranged from 50.2 d at 14 degree s C to 20.7 d at 25 degrees C. The lower developmental threshold for each i nstar and total larval stage ranged from 4.9 to 7.1 degrees C. On average 3 33.3 DD are required for total larval development. Survival for total larva l stage was reduced substantially at the lower and higher temperatures exam ined. The mean longevity for females was 13.5 d at 14 degrees C and 7.6 d a t 30 degrees C, whereas for males, mean longevity ranged from 14.9 d at 21 degrees C to 7.9 d at 30 degrees C. Females laid the fewest eggs (70.6) at 14 degrees C. Intrinsic rate of increase ranges from 0.0285 at 30 degrees C to 0.1314 at 25 degrees C. Extreme temperatures had a negative effect on l ife table parameters. The effect of temperature on life history patterns of A. orana is discussed with respect to control methods and phenology models .