4x4 antiguided phase-locked vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL)
arrays have been fabricated by a selective etching process and metalorganic
chemical vapor deposition regrowth. Stable, diffraction-limited output is
observed corresponding to either in-phase or out-of-phase mode operation, d
epending on the interelement spacing width. Calculations indicate resonant
leaky-wave coupling occurs for interelement spacings corresponding to an in
tegral number of half-waves of the radiation leakage from each VCSEL region
, and the use of interelement loss is effective in suppressing nonresonant
modes. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(00)04141-3].