The zinc metalloregulatory protein Synechococcus PCC7942 SmtB binds a single zinc ion per monomer with high affinity in a tetrahedral coordination geometry
Ml. Vanzile et al., The zinc metalloregulatory protein Synechococcus PCC7942 SmtB binds a single zinc ion per monomer with high affinity in a tetrahedral coordination geometry, BIOCHEM, 39(38), 2000, pp. 11818-11829
The Synechococcus PCC7942 SmtB is a zinc-responsive transcriptional repress
or and a member of the ArsR superfamily of prokaryotic metalloregulatory tr
anscription factors. The mechanism of negative regulation by Zn(II) and oth
er metals as well as the coordination chemistry (stoichiometry, affinity, a
nd specificity) of SmtB is poorly understood, in contrast to previous resul
ts [Kar, S. R., Adams, A. C., Lebowitz, J., Taylor, K. B., and Hall, L. M.
(1997) Biochemistry 36, 15343-15348], we find that fully reduced SmtB binds
1 mol equiv of Zn(II) with a very high affinity, K-Zn in excess of 10(11)
M-1 (pH 7.4, 0.15:M KCl, 22 degrees C). Optical spectroscopic experiments r
eveal that SmtB binds I mol equiv of Co(II) in a tetrahedral or distorted t
etrahedral environment with one or two cysteine thiolate ligands in the fir
st coordination shell. Zn(II) and Co(II) EXAFS studies are consistent with
the optical spectroscopic data, and further suggest the presence of a mixtu
re of carboxylate and imidazole-containing ligands. K-Co was determined to
be 1.7 (+/-0.1) x 10(9) M-1 in a chelator (EGTA) competition assay; 1 equiv
of Zn(II) results in complete displacement of the bound Co(LI). SmtB also
binds 1 mol equiv of Ni(II), which, when formed at low Ni(LI):SmtB molar ra
tios, adopts a non-native, six-coordinate complex characterized by at least
two histidine and no thiolate ligands. The hierarchy of metal binding affi
nities is Zn(II) much greater than Co(II) much greater than Ni(II).