Our knowledge of nineteenth century Dutch economic performance has been gre
atly improved by recent research. However, the interpretation of long-run D
utch economic development requires a reexamination of the concepts and gene
ralizations used by economists, which derive mostly from the study of other
nations, especially Britain. This article proposes both a reassessment of
Dutch economic performance in the very long run, and a reconsideration of t
he concept of modern economic growth.