Engendering social movements - Cultural images and movement dynamics

The fields of gender and social movements have traditionally consisted of s eparate literatures. Recently, however; a number of scholars have begun a f ruitful exploration of the ways in which gender shapes political protest. T his study adds three things to this ongoing discussion. First, the authors offer a systematic typology of the various ways in which movements are gend ered and apply that typology to a wide variety of movements, including thos e that do not center on gender issues in ally obvious way. Second, the auth ors discuss the process by which movements become gendered. In doing so, th ey go beyond current scholarship by bringing "others" (e.g., opponents and the general public) squarely into the gendered analysis. The article conclu des by speculating about the outcomes of these processes and suggests that movements that draw on feminine stereotypes face a double bind that hampers their success. illustrations come from movements in the United States, Eur ope, and Latin America.