Anatomy, biochemistry, and physiology of articular cartilage

Articular cartilage serves as a load-bearing elastic material that is respo nsible for the frictionless movement of the surfaces of articulating joints . Its ability to undergo reversible deformation depends on its structural o rganization, including the specific arrangement of the matrix macromolecule s and the chondrocytes. Interactions between the matrix and chondrocytes ar e responsible for the biological and mechanical properties of articular car tilage and enable it to respond by effecting a balance between anabolism an d catabolism as well as continual internal remodeling. Age-related changes in the function of chondrocytes may contribute to the initiation and progre ssion of osteoarthritis.