Medieval or modern? A scholastic's view of business ethics, circa 1430

There are varying opinions about whether or not the field of business ethic s has a history or is a development of more modern times. It is suggested t hat a book by a Dominican Friar, Johannes Nider, De Contractibus Mercatorum , written ca. 1430 and published ca. 1468 provides a basis for a history of over 500 years. Business ethics grew out of attempts to reconcile Biblical precepts, canon law, civil law, the teachings of the Church Fathers, and t he writings of early philosophers with the realities of expanding economic activity. Nider's background is discussed as well as his book as an example of incunabula. Nider was one of the Scholastics who provided a link between Aristotle and later Reformation thinkers. In Nider we find caveat venditor as his moral g uide to merchants as well as other surprisingly modern ideas such as justic e in exchange; restitution for defective goods; the market as the final arb iter of value; and the importance of creating utility in products.