The evolution of coastal management policy in the state of Israel

This article reviews and evaluates the evolution of coastal management poli cy in Israel since 1948. It is argued that a sectoral approach to coastal m anagement, based on the land use planning system, has proved to be of limit ed effectiveness. An upsurge of political interest in coastal management, e vident in Israel since the late-1990s, is explained, and associated policy proposals evaluated. It is concluded that while significant challenges rema in, Israel has an opportunity to take a decisive step towards a more effect ive coastal management policy framework. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.