Circumcision has been the traditional treatment for phimosis, but now
is not the only management option, the best of which appears to be top
ical steroid application. Importantly, the literature suggests that ph
imosis probably is overdiagnosed, indicating that a prospective, rando
mized controlled study is needed to compare the non-circumcision optio
ns. Such a study would require consensus on the diagnostic criteria fo
r phimosis; therefore, a more exacting definition would be needed and
is suggested. Despite the non-controlled data on medical treatment of
true phimosis, there seems little doubt that surgical intervention is
not needed for all male infants with adherence of the foreskin to the
glans, a non-retractable foreskin or, indeed, true phimosis.