Racial differences in the prevalence of dementia among patients admitted to nursing homes

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of dem entia among black and white residents on admission to nursing homes and to determine whether demographic and health characteristics known to be associ ated with dementia were correlated with dementia in this population. Method s: Data from medical records and structured interviews with family members, nursing staff, and nursing home residents were gathered for 2,285 persons newly admitted to nursing homes in Maryland from 1992 to 1995. A stratified sample of 59 nursing homes was used.,ln expert panel of fire physicians cl assified each resident as demented, nondemented, or indeterminate. Associat ions between dementia status, race, and selected characteristics were exami ned. Results: Black residents (77 percent) were significantly more likely t han white residents (57 percent) to be classified as demented. Older age wa s associated with dementia in both races. Less education, male gender, and a history of a cerebrovascular accident were associated with an increased p revalence of dementia among white residents only. After demographic and hea lth characteristics associated with dementia were controlled for, black rac e remained independently associated with a diagnosis of dementia. Conclusio ns: The rate of dementia on admission to nursing homes was higher among bla ck residents than among white residents, a finding that has implications fo r the delivery of care. The higher rate may be due to psychosocial factors operating differently in blacks and whites that influence the timing of adm ission to a nursing home.