Design and construction of engineered municipal solid waste landfills in Thailand

A research effort to document and evaluate the standard of practice of muni cipal solid waste (MSW) landfill disposal in Thailand was conducted. A surv ey of 114 MSW disposal sites indicates that over 50% of the sites are consi dered to be open dumps, although operational improvements are being impleme nted through the use of soil covers. Ten of 12 engineered MSW landfills loc ated in Thailand, designed by both the public and private sector within the last 4 years, were evaluated for design methods and construction practices . Results indicate that the current practice of engineered MSW landfill des ign in Thailand is approaching internationally accepted standards. However, there are a number of ways that the current practice of MSW landfill desig n could be improved, particularly in the development of improved specificat ions for the construction of compacted clay liners.