Generalised congenital pulmonary emphysema in a pup

A 12-week-old Basset, from a local pet shop, was donated for teaching exhib iting severe exercise intolerance, dyspnoea, tachypnoea and mucosal cyanosi s with mild exercise. No cardiac murmur was audible however a congenital "r ight to left" cardiac defect was initially suspected. Radiography revealed a hypervascular lung field with minimal cardiac abnormalities on radiograph y, electrocardiography and echocardiography. Due to limited funding, no fur ther investigations were carried out and no conclusive premortem diagnosis was made. Necropsy revealed generalised pulmonary emphysema.