A case of spontaneous intercostal pulmonary hernia as a result of vigorous
coughing is reported in a 67-year-old man. The great majority of acquired p
ulmonary hernias are post-traumatic; rare cases are spontaneous, resulting
from prolonged and/or repeated increased intrathoracic pressure. This herni
a was successfully repaired with a polyglactin absorbable mesh and approxim
ation of the ribs with heavy stitches. When required, surgical repair is th
e treatment of choice.