O. Houde et al., Shifting from the perceptual brain to the logical brain: The neural impactof cognitive inhibition training, J COGN NEUR, 12(5), 2000, pp. 721-728
What happens in the human brain when the mind has to inhibit a perceptual p
rocess in order to activate a logical reasoning process? Here, we use funct
ional imaging to show the networks of brain areas involved in a deductive l
ogic task performed twice by the same subjects, first with a perceptual bia
s and then with a logical response following bias-inhibition training. The
main finding is a striking shift in the cortical anatomy of reasoning from
the posterior part of the brain (the ventral and dorsal pathways) to a left
-prefrontal network including the middle-frontal gyrus, Broca's area, the a
nterior insula, and the pre-SMA. This result indicates that such brain shif
ting is an essential element for human access to logical thinking.