G. Schmack et al., Biodegradable fibers of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) produced by high-speed melt spinning and spin drawing, J POL SC PP, 38(21), 2000, pp. 2841-2850
The effects of high-speed melt spinning and spin drawing on the structure a
nd resulting properties of bacterial generated poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB
) fibers were investigated. The fibers were characterized by their degree o
f crystallinity by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide-angle X
-ray scattering (WAXS), their orientation by WAXS, and the textile physical
properties. The WAXS studies revealed that the fibers spun at high speeds
and high draw ratios possessed orthorhombic (alpha modification) and hexago
nal (beta modification) crystals, the latter as a result of stress-induced
crystallization. The fiber structures formed during these processes were fi
bril-like as the atomic force microscopy images demonstrated. The maximum p
hysical break stress, the modulus, and the elongation at break observed in
the fibril-like spin drawn fibers were about 330 MPa, 7.7 GPa, and 37%, res
pectively. The fibers obtained by a low draw ratio of 4.0 had spherulitic s
tructures and poor textile physical properties. The PHB pellets were analyz
ed by their degradation during the processes of drying and spinning and by
their thermal and rheological properties. (C) 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.