The Linford formula for the intensity output from a medium undergoing ampli
fied spontaneous emission is generalized to the case when the gain coeffici
ent is position dependent. The generalized Linford formula is of particular
interest in the field of x-ray lasers, because it provides a better tool f
or fitting the experimental data to infer the parameters of the medium and
affords more insight into the appropriate pumping scheme. (C) 2000 Optical
Society of America.