Pathology of the pediatric regio inguinalis: Mysteries of the hernia sac exposed

Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common surgeries performed on chi ldren. However, the value of routine histologic examination of hernia sac t issues continues to be debated. Although the surgical pathology of herniorr haphy tissues is usually simple, occasional examples have unexpected findin gs that potentially lead to inappropriate management or that have added cli nical implications. These along with surgical-quality assurance issues need to be considered in cost-benefit arguments. This article reviews basic his tology, common potential pitfalls, and significant unexpected conditions en countered in the surgical pathology of the inguinal hernia sac in children.