The interplay between the electronic and the geometric structure of adsorba
tes is of fundamental importance for the understanding of many surface phen
omena. Using x-ray emission spectroscopy and ab initio cluster calculations
, this issue has been investigated in unprecedented detail for CO adsorptio
n in different adsorption sites. The investigation establishes pi bonding a
nd sigma repulsion, both increasing with the number of coordinated metal at
oms. The two contributions partly compensate each other, leading to only sm
all differences in adsorption energies for the different adsorption sites d
espite very large variations in the electronic structure.