On. Chaikovskaya et al., Protolytic equilibrium of phenol in the ground and excited electronic states in aqueous solution, RUSS J PH C, 74(10), 2000, pp. 1640-1643
The spectral characteristics of various phenol forms (neutral, anionic, and
cationic) in water were studied by the absorption and fluorescence methods
. Phenol pK(a) acidity and basicity values were determined in the ground an
d excited states, and the pK(a)* values for the first excited nonequilibriu
m Franck-Condon state were calculated. It has been shown that, at medium pH
values 4-9, phenol in water can exist in the neutral, anionic, and cationi
c excited forms.