Low-dose folic acid supplementation reduces plasma levels of the cardiovascular risk factor homocysteine in postmenopausal women

OBJECTIVE: The aim of our randomized, controlled trial was to verify the ef fect of folic acid supplementation on homocysteine levels in postmenopausal women. STUDY DESIGN: Thirty-six women were divided randomly into 2 groups as follo ws: a placebo group (n = 18) and a group receiving 500 mug folic acid per d ay for 4 weeks (n = 18). To assess concentrations of plasma homocysteine, v enous blood samples were taken on enrollment and after 4 weeks of treatment . RESULTS: Mean plasma homocysteine levels were 10.9 +/- 2.7 mu mol/L in the placebo group and 7.8 +/- 2.35 mu mol/L (P < .01) in the group receiving 50 0 <mu>g folic acid per day for 4 weeks. The thirds (referred to as tertiles ) of women with the highest baseline homocysteine plasma levels showed the greatest reduction in homocysteine, with a mean decrease of 4.35 mu mol/L ( 32%; P < .01), in comparison with a decrease of 3.35 <mu>mol/L (29%; P < .0 1) in the middle tertile and 1.3 <mu>mol/L (22.4%; P = .09) in the lower te rtile. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that low doses of folio acid are associated w ith a significant reduction in plasma concentrations of homocysteine. The h ighest initial levels of homocysteine showed the most important reduction a fter therapy.