Bp. Naidu et al., Accumulation of proline analogues and adaptation of Melaleuca species to diverse environments in Australia, AUST J BOT, 48(5), 2000, pp. 611-620
The genus Melaleuca is native to Australia, with about 250 species spread f
rom favourable to very stressful ecological habitats. We analysed the leave
s of 125 Melaleuca species for the accumulation of proline analogues to exp
lore relationships between the ability of the species to accumulate proline
analogues and their ability to adapt to various stressful habitats in Aust
ralia. Melaleuca species that have evolved the ability to accumulate only L
-proline seem to be adapted to non-saline or non-sodic soils in regions of
higher rainfall. Species that accumulate N-methyl-L-proline seem to be adap
ted to saline and/or sodic soils with moderate amount of rainfall. Species
that accumulate trans-4-hydroxy-N-methyl-L-proline seem to be adapted to sa
line and/or sodic soils and occur in areas with considerably lower rainfall
, while species that accumulate trans-4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyl-L-proline are
widely distributed in Australia, with a particular adaptation to extremely
arid (deserts) and saline and/or sodic soils. The species accumulating more
than one osmoprotectant seem to have an ecophysiological advantage over pl
ants accumulating only one osmoprotectant.