Pine-scale three-dimensional mapping of a deep-sea hydrothermal vent site using the Jason ROV system

Using precise navigation. a computer-controlled remotely operated vehicle, and a variety of optical and acoustic imaging sensors. we created the most precise three-dimensional renderings ever made of an active hydrothermal ve nt field at a depth of 2400 meters on the deep seafloor Data products inclu ded electronic and film photographs as well as three-dimensional sonar scan s. We used these to produce detailed photomosaics and gridded surface rende rings. Precise navigation and control of the vehicle during all transects p ermitted us to register all observations in a common world frame, ensured c omplete and uniform coverage, and allowed biases to be identified and remov ed. The assembled photomosaics and sonar renderings provide valuable insigh ts into the unique environment of submarine hydrothermal vents.