Heat and momentum exchange between the atmosphere and ice from the observational data obtained in the region of Franz Josef Land

The dependence of the heat and momentum exchange on the type of the underly ing surface is studied for the polar regions. In particular, it is found th at the thickness of ice and also the thermal structure of its surface affec t the values of the components of heat balance in the polar regions. In the case of open water in the ice field (polynyas and leads), surface temperat ure nonuniformities are transferred to the atmosphere and modulate low-freq uency air temperature disturbances propagating throughout the whole depth o f the atmospheric surface layer. On the basis of the literature data and th e results of the Arctic-98 experiment, the tables are drawn up for the valu es of the exchange coefficients in the bulk formulas, the surface roughness parameter, and the drag coefficient in respect to the type of the underlyi ng surface in the Arctic region. The wind speed dependence of these paramet ers is studied.