K. Rurack et al., Cation-triggered 'switching on' of the red/near infra-red (NIR) fluorescence of rigid fluorophore-spacer-receptor ionophores, CHEM COMMUN, (21), 2000, pp. 2103-2104
Fluorophore-spacer-receptor ionophores 1 and 2 show a strong cation-induced
enhancement of the fluorescence at lambda > 650 nm in the presence of Hg-I
I and Ag-I (1) or Pb-II, alkaline-earth and alkali metal ions (2).