HARM REDUCTION MEASURES AND INJECTING INSIDE PRISON VERSUS MANDATORY DRUGS TESTING - RESULTS OF A CROSS-SECTIONAL ANONYMOUS QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY

Objectives: (a) To determine both the frequency of injecting inside pr ison and use of sterilising tablets to clean needles in the previous f our weeks; (b) to assess the efficiency of random mandatory drugs test ing at detecting prisoners who inject heroin inside prison; (c) to det ermine the percentage of prisoners who had been offered vaccination ag ainst hepatitis B. Design: Cross sectional willing anonymous salivary HIV surveillance linked to a self completion risk factor questionnaire . Setting: Lowmoss prison, Glasgow, and Aberdeen prison on 11 and 30 O ctober 1996. Subjects: 293 (94%) of all 312 inmates at Lowmoss and 146 (93%) of all 157 at Aberdeen, resulting in 286 and 143 valid question naires. Main outcome measures: Frequency of injecting inside prison in the precious four weeks by injector inmates who had been in prison fo r at least four weeks. Results: 116 (41%) Lowmoss and 53 (37%) Aberdee n prisoners had a history of injecting drug use but only 4% of inmates (17/395; 95% confidence interval 2% to 6%) had ever been offered vacc ination against hepatitis B. 42 Lowmoss prisoners (estimated 207 injec tions and 258 uses of sterilising tablets) and 31 Aberdeen prisoners ( 229 injections, 221 uses) had injected inside prison in the previous f our weeks. The prisons together held 112 injector inmates who had been in prison for more than four weeks, of whom 57 (51%; 42% to 60%) had injected in prison in the past four weeks; their estimated mean number of injections was 6.0 (SD 5.7). Prisoners injecting heroin six times in four weeks will test positive in random mandatory drugs testing on at most 18 days out of 28. Conclusions: Sterilising tablets and hepati tis B vaccination should be offered to all prisoners. Random mandatory drugs testing seriously underestimates injector inmates' harm reducti on needs.