Automated enzymatic mitochondrial antibody assay for the diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis

Primary biliary cirrhosis is a progressive autoimmune disease that affects middle aged women, resulting in liver cirrhosis. We describe here an automa ted enzymatic mitochondrial antibody assay adapted for performance on labor atory analysers for the serological diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis. This assay detects the characteristic autoantibody directed against the 74 kDa E2 subunit of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Analysis of receiver operator characteristic curve data indicated that the automated enzymatic mitochondrial assay procedure discriminated clinically identified patients with primary biliary cirrhosis from normal subjects wit h a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 100%. This method compared favo urably against a commercial ELISA method which had a sensitivity of 73% and a specificity of 100%. The automated enzymatic mitochondrial antibody assa y is a high throughput assay of use for the routine diagnosis of patients w ith primary biliary cirrhosis with autoantibodies to the E2 subunit of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. The method is of potential value for econom ical and rapid screening to detect asymptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis i n the at-risk segment of the population, namely middle aged women.