Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) has been the gold standard f
or the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia for three deca
des but is now being challenged by other approaches such as transurethral m
icrowave thermotherapy (TUMT), Comparison of these techniques must consider
the functional, financial, and social aspects of each procedure. Because o
f differences in equipment, it is difficult to draw valid conclusions from
the comparisons of the functional results of TURF nu TUMT, but the two appe
ar equivalent in relieving symptoms, although TUMT appears slightly less ef
fective in improving flow. Preliminary data suggest that TUMT is less expen
sive than TURF, but more data are needed. Although high-energy TUMT is not
yet on a par with TURF, it is a valid alternative for many patients.