Effects of two contrasting dietary fibres on starch digestion, short-chainfatty acid production and transit time in rats

Dietary fibres may cause dietary starch to escape digestion in the small in testine and enter the large intestine. If this results from the dietary fib res reducing the gastrointestinal transit time, those dietary fibres that r educe this the most would be expected to cause the most starch to escape di gestion. We tested in rats the relative abilities of two contrasting dietar y fibres, apple pectin (a soluble dietary fibre) and wheat straw (an insolu ble, lignified dietary fibre), to reduce the whole gut transit time and to cause dietary starch to escape digestion. We provided male Wistar rats with a control, modified AIN-76(TM) diet containing 20% fat but no dietary fibr e, and with this diet containing 10% dietary fibre; the dietary fibre repla ced the equivalent weight of starch in the control diet. Both dietary fibre s, but particularly wheat straw, reduced the transit time compared with the fibre-free control diet. Pectin, but not wheat straw, resulted in substant ial amounts of starch in the caecal contents. This effect may result from t he pectin increasing the viscosity of the digesta or causing it to gel. Lar ge amounts of short-chain fatty acids were found only in the caeca of rats provided with pectin. (C) 2000 Society of Chemical Industry.