P. Pianetta et al., Application of synchrotron radiation to TXRF analysis of metal contamination on silicon wafer surfaces, THIN SOL FI, 373(1-2), 2000, pp. 222-226
Synchrotron radiation based total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) has
been shown to meet the critical needs of the semiconductor industry for the
analysis of transition metal impurities on silicon wafer surfaces. The cur
rent best detection limit achieved at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation La
boratory (SSRL) for Ni is 8 x 10(7) atoms/cm(2) which is a factor of 50 bet
ter than what can be achieved using laboratory-based sources. SSRL has esta
blished a TXRF facility which meets the cleanliness and stability requireme
nts of the semiconductor industry. This has enabled both industrial and aca
demic researchers to address industrially relevant problems. In addition re
search is being carried out for the analysis of light elements such as Al a
nd Na. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.