Prolongation of brainstem auditory-evoked responses in autistic probands and their unaffected relatives

Background: Brain function, as indexed by brain electrical activity, is her itable in humans, and it may be impaired in autism. Autism also has strong genetic determinants, and like all major psychiatric disorders, its complex clinical phenotype renders genetic studies difficult. Innovative strategie s focused on alternative biological phenotypes are needed. Methods: The early brain auditory-evoked response was assessed in 73 autist ic probands and 251 relatives who were compared with 521 normal controls. Results: We first confirmed in the autistic probands the presence of a slow ing in nerve conduction in the auditory system as expressed by the prolonga tion of early brain auditory-evoked response under the form of I-III interp eak latencies (IPLs). Furthermore, we observed the same I-III IPL prolongat ion in the unaffected first degree relatives of the autistic probands compa red with controls. Despite clear evidence of a coaggregation of autism and I-III IPL prolongation in families, the IPLs did not seem to be the sole li ability factor for autism as suggested by the observation of 52% of familie s in which the autistic proband and relatives showed normal IPLs. Conclusion: A prolongation of the early brain auditory-evoked response IPLs may be a marker for one of several deficits underlying autism and deserves further analysis as a potential alternative phenotype for the disorder.