In vitro selection techniques provide a means of isolating nucleic aci
d ligands for binding to particular protein targets. Although most apt
amers have quite high affinities for their target proteins, it has bee
n shown that post-SELEX modification can result in further enhancement
of binding affinity, as well as other desired properties. This has le
d to the current development of a more systematic approach to aptamer
optimization using a combinatorial screening methodology. (C) 1997 Els
evier Science Ltd.