Visual cryptography is a cryptographic paradigm introduced by Naor and Sham
ir [Lecture Notes in Comput. Sci., Vol. 950, Springer, Berlin, 1995, p. 1].
Some predefined set of participants can decode a secret message (a black a
nd white image) without any knowledge of cryptography and without performin
g any cryptographic computation: Their visual system will decode the messag
e.
In this paper we define and analyze visual cryptography schemes for grey le
vel images whose pixels have g grey levels ranging from 0 (representing a w
hite pixel) to g - 1 (representing a black pixel). Moreover, we give a nece
ssary and sufficient condition for such schemes to exist. (C) 2000 Elsevier
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