Typical applications of phase diagrams to specific problems of refractories
corrosion are highlighted. Saturation solubilities of refractories compone
nts in molten slags can be estimated using existing phase diagrams. These c
an then be used to predict the corrosion behaviour, and qualitatively compa
re the corrosion resistance, of a refractory in different slags or differen
t refractories in the same slag. If the slag is not saturated with refracto
ries components, using relevant phase diagrams, the conditions under which
solid reaction product phases form at refractories/slag interfaces can be p
redicted, which assists understanding of direct and indirect dissolution. B
y checking the compatibility between impurities or additives and refractori
es components at high temperatures, their influence on corrosion resistance
can be predicted, aiding their selection. Phase diagrams also reveal that
atmosphere affects refractories corrosion resistance by altering the valenc
e of some components (in particular, iron oxide) in the refractories and/or
slags. The compatibility between refractories and slags indicates the corr
osion resistance of different refractories, assisting refractories selectio
n for specific applications. Finally, phase diagrams can be used to assist
design of refractories composition. Repeated experimental corrosion test re
sults show good agreement with phase diagram predictions. Therefore, use of
the information which is available in existing phase diagrams can reduce t
he need for expensive and time consuming experiments to evaluate high tempe
rature corrosion of refractories (and other ceramics). (C) IoM Communicatio
ns Ltd and ASM International.