By means of the mediastinoscopy it is possible to investigate the para
tracheal, praetracheal and parabronchial parts of the mediastinum. The
letality is low, as is the complication rate. The sensitivity is over
90%. We think that despite the introduction of the computertomography
into the praoperative diagnostic of the mediastinum, that the mediast
inoscopy has still its place for the diagnostic of unknown mediastinal
tumor, unknown lung tumor and for the histological investigation of m
ediastinal lymph nodes in case of a bronchial carcinoma.