Vacuum ultraviolet excitation spectra of LnAl(3)B(4)O(12):Re (Ln = Y, Gd; R
e = Eu, To), along with X-ray photoelectron spectra, were measured. The spe
ctra are tentatively interpreted in terms of the optical properties of the
rare earth ions and the band structure. It was found that there is an energ
y transfer from the hosts to the rare earth ions. It was also found that th
e top of the valence band in the Gd compound is mainly formed by the 2p lev
els of O2- and the 4f levels of Gd3+, and in the Y compound mainly by the 2
p levels of O2-. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.