Influence of transforming growth factor-beta 3 on fibrous capsule formation around microgrooved subcutaneous implants in vivo

Previous studies have shown that addition of transforming growth factor-bet a3 (TGF-beta3) is capable of reducing scar tissue formation in skin defects . Therefore, are examined whether TGF-beta3 can also influence the organiza tion of a fibrous capsule around implants in vivo. For this reason, 24 sili cone implants with microgrooves with a groove depth of 1.0 mum and a ridge and groove width of 10.0 mum were made and loaded with human recombinant TG F-beta3 (0, 5, 50, and 250 ng). An in vitro release enzyme-linked immunosor bent assay (ELISA) test was done with another 10 implants to estimate the a mount of TGF released from the implants. The implants were inserted subcuta neously in the backs of 6 guinea pigs. Each animal received four implants, which were left in place for 10 weeks. At the end of the implantation time, the implants were retrieved, embedded, and processed for histology. Histom orphometrical measurements were done on the capsule formation and the impla nt-cell interface quality and quantity. The results showed a fibrous capsul e of 15 mum up to 50 mum thickness around all implants. There were no signi ficant differences between the TGF-beta3-loaded implants or the controls. F requently, inflammatory cells were present in the capsule. The implant-tiss ue interface was on average between 5 and 15 mum thick and consisted mostly out of one or two layers of macrophages or foreign body giant cells. Stati stical analysis again showed no significant differences between the various TGF-beta3-coated implants and controls. Finally, we concluded that a micro textured surface can indeed be used for the release of TGF-beta3. On the ot her hand, this did not result in major differences in wound healing between implants loaded with 5, 50, or 250 ng of TGF-beta3 and controls.