Jl. Hanula et Rt. Engstrom, Comparison of red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis) nestling diet inold-growth and old-field longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) habitats, AM MIDL NAT, 144(2), 2000, pp. 370-376
Automatic cameras were used to record adult red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoid
es borealis) nest Visits with food for nestlings. Diet of nestlings on or n
ear an old-growth longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) remnant in southern Georg
ia was compared to that in longleaf pine stands established on old farm fie
lds in western South Carolina. Diets of nestlings were expressed as percent
nest visits and percent prey biomass. The method of calculating nestling d
iet composition had little effect on the relative ranking of prey. Roaches
(Blattaria: Blatellidae) were the most common arthropod fed to nestlings, r
anging from 35-57% of the prey brought to nest cavities by adults or 55-73%
of the prey biomass. Other common prey were spiders, centipedes and caterp
illars. The latter were primarily larvae of coneworms (Lepidoptera: Pyralid
ae, Dioryctria spp.) that bore into and feed on pine cones. Scorpions (Scor
piones: Buthidae, Centruroides sp.), an unusual prey, were recorded several
times at the south Georgia location. Morisita's index (C) of diet overlap
showed a high degree of similarity in nestling diets among years in the old
-growth remnant (C = 0.91 to 0.94), as well as a high degree of similarity
in the diets of nestlings among woodpecker groups within locations and betw
een old-growth and old-field habitats (C = 0.89-0.95). Our study shows that
old trees on relatively undisturbed sites provide the same prey as younger
trees growing on old farm fields and the relative importance of the differ
ent prey was similar for both habitats.