The cause of fertility problems in mares can often be uterus diseases. Ther
efore the authors presented the schema of proper mare examinations. This pa
per shows in detail some disturbances by using ultrasonography, as well as
cytological, bacteriological, mycological, biopsy and hysteroscopy examinat
ions which caused periodicity or permanent mare infertility. The above-ment
ioned gynecological examinations enable the diagnosis of acute and chronic
endometritis, intrauterine cysts, tumors, scars, adhesions, uterine content
s and to defin the ability of the moreto foal and carry to term. There are
also hormonal tests used which are connected with the immunological status
and cytogenetic examinations.