Fungi in sediments of the sea of Japan and their biologically active metabolites

The most abundant marine fungi encountered in various regions of the Sea of Japan belong to the genera Penicillium, Aspergillus, Wardomyces, Trichoder ma, Chrysosporium, and Chaetomium. Facultative marine fungi of the genera S cytalidium, Verticillium, and Oidiodendron and obligate marine fungi of the genus Dendryphiella are much less abundant. The composition of marine sedi ments and the anthropogenic load on them were found to influence the abunda nce and species diversity of fungi, as well as the occurrence of fungal str ains producing hemolytically active substances. The biodiversity of mycobio ta and the abundance of hemo-toxin-producing fungi in marine sediments may be used to evaluate the anthropogenic load on marine biocenoses. Hemolytic compounds were produced by 57% of the fungi isolated from marine sediments. The hemolytic activity of Chaetomium spiculipilium was revealed in the fra ction of the culture liquid containing extracellular fatty acids and pigmen ts. The fatty acid composition of this marine fungus was determined.