Activity-dependent induction of tonic calcineurin activity mediates a rapid developmental downregulation of NMDA receptor currents

Whole-cell recording in the superficial layers of the developing superior c olliculus (sSC) reveals a large drop in NMDA receptor (NMDAR) current decay time synchronized across all neurons and occurring consistently between p1 0 and P11. We show that blocking the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent phosphatase calcineurin (CaN) in the postsynaptic neuron can abolish this drop. The reg ulation is induced prematurely by 1-2 hr of electrical stimulation in pig c ollicular slices only if CaN and NMDAR currents can be activated in the neu ron. These data suggest that a long-lasting, CaN-mediated control of NMDAR kinetics is rapidly initiated by heightened activity of the NMDAR itself an d demonstrate a novel developmental and tonic function of CaN that can play an important role in modulating the plasticity of the developing CNS.