Memory is one of the most fundamental mental processes. Neuroscientists stu
dy this process by using extremely diverse strategies. Two different approa
ches aimed at understanding learning and memory were introduced in this sym
posium. The first focuses on the roles played by synaptic plasticity, espec
ially in long-term depression in the cerebellum in motor learning, and its
regulatory mechanism. The second approach uses an elegant chick-quail trans
plantation system on defined brain regions to study how neural populations
interact in development to form behaviorally important neural circuits and
to elucidate neurobiological correlates of perceptual and motor predisposit
ions.